VII. TRANSFER OF RISK
1. The risk shall pass to the Purchaser upon dispatch of the delivery parts to
the Purchaser at the latest, including in those cases in which partial deliveries
are made or where the Supplier has assumed responsibility for other supplies
and services such as travel to the site and installation or the costs of shipping.
Except where other trade terms are explicitly agreed, delivery of the delivery
item shall be "Ex works" (EXW). Where trade terms are agreed, these shall
be interpreted according to the INCOTERMS valid at the time the contract was
formed.
On request of the Purchaser the delivery shall be insured – at the cost of the
Purchaser - by the Supplier against theft, breakage, transport, fire and water
damage and other insurable risks.
Any risk of loss or damage to the works not covered by the first paragraph
of this Clause shall pass to the Purchaser on acceptance of the works.
Any loss or damage to the delivery item and works after the risk has passed
to the Purchaser shall be at the risk of the Purchaser, unless such loss or
damage results from negligence of the part of the Supplier.
2. Should dispatch or acceptance be delayed for reasons for which the
Purchaser is responsible, the risk shall pass to the Purchaser on the day on
which readiness for dispatch has been notified; however, the Supplier shall
obtain requisite insurance cover at the request and cost of the Purchaser.
3. Partial deliveries shall be allowed where these are reasonable for the
Purchaser.
VIII. DELIVERY PERIOD, DELIVERY DELAYS
1. The delivery period shall commence upon dispatch of the confirmation of
order, but not prior to receipt of an agreed advance payment. Delivery
periods can only be adhered to by the Supplier if all commercial and technical
issues have been clarified by the contracting parties and the Purchaser has
complied with all the obligations incumbent on the Purchaser, such as providing
the requisite official certification or permits. Should this not be the case, the
delivery period shall be extended for a reasonable period of time. This shall not
apply in cases in which delay is the responsibility of the Supplier.
2. Compliance with the delivery period is subject to receipt by the Supplier
of correct and timely supplies. Impending delays shall be notified by the Supplier
as soon as possible.
3. The delivery date shall be deemed to be kept if the delivery item has left the
Supplier’s works or been reported as ready for dispatch by this date.
4. The Supplier shall be entitled to an extension of the delivery period if delay
occurs:
a) owing to any of the circumstances referred to in Clause XVI.1, or
b) owing to variation work under Clause V.2, or
c) as a result of variations under Clauses VI.1-5 , or
d) as a result of suspension under Clauses IV.2, XII.5, XVI.3 or
e) an act or omission on the part of the Purchaser.
The extension shall be reasonable having regard to all the circumstances.
This shall also apply should such circumstances affect subcontractors.
The circumstances referred to above shall not be deemed to be the responsibility
of the Supplier should they occur during an existing delay. In important
cases the Supplier shall notify the Purchaser of the onset and termination of such
hindrances as soon as possible.
5. In the event that dispatch is delayed at the request of the Purchaser, the
Purchaser shall be charged the costs of storage, or should storage be made at
the Supplier's works a minimum of 0.5% of the invoice amount, for every
month commencing one month subsequent to the date on which notification
of readiness for dispatch has been notified.
The Supplier shall however be entitled, after stipulation and the abortive expiry
of a reasonable period, to dispose otherwise of the delivery item and to make
delivery to the Purchaser within a reasonably prolonged period of time
provided that the Supplier has drawn the attention of the Purchaser to such
consequences at the time said period was stipulated.
6. The Purchaser shall be entitled to terminate the contract without notice should
performance become irreversibly impeded and impossible in its entirety for
the Supplier prior to the transfer of risk. The Purchaser shall also be entitled
to terminate the contract should delivery of part of an order become impossible
and should the Purchaser have a legitimate interest in refusing partial delivery.
Should this not be the case, the Purchaser shall pay the contract price applicable
to such partial delivery. The same shall apply in the event of inability to
perform on the part of the Supplier. Clauses XI.3, 4 and 5 apply accordingly in
all other respects.
Should such impossibility or inability to perform occur during an instance of
default on acceptance or should the Purchaser bear sole or main responsibility
for the same, the Purchaser shall be bound to provide consideration.
7. Compliance with the delivery period shall be contingent on fulfilment of the
Purchaser's contractual obligations.
IX. ACCEPTANCE TESTS
1. Unless otherwise agreed, acceptance tests shall be performed upon
completion of the installation work to determine whether the works comply
with the contractual terms for acceptance.
The Supplier shall notify the Purchaser in writing that the works are ready for
acceptance. Said notice shall specify a date for acceptance tests which provides
the Purchaser with sufficient time to prepare for and be represented at the same.
The Purchaser shall bear all costs of acceptance tests. The Supplier shall,
however, bear all costs relating to its personnel and other representatives.
2. The Purchaser shall provide free of charge any power, lubricants, water, fuel,
raw materials and other materials required for the acceptance tests and for final
adjustments in preparing for these tests. The Purchaser shall also install free of
charge any equipment and provide any labour or other assistance necessary
for the performance of acceptance tests.
3. Should the Purchaser fail to fulfil its obligations under Clause IX.2 after
having been notified in accordance with Clause IX.1 or should the Purchaser
otherwise prevent the acceptance tests from being performed, the tests
shall be regarded as having been satisfactorily completed on the date for
acceptance tests stated in the Supplier's notice.
4. Acceptance tests shall be carried out during normal working hours. Unless
the contract explicitly stipulates the technical requirements, the tests shall be
carried out in accordance with general practice in the appropriate branch of
industry concerned in the Purchaser's country.
5. The Supplier shall prepare a test report of the acceptance tests which shall be
sent to the Purchaser. Should the Purchaser not be represented at the
acceptance tests after having been notified in accordance with Clause IX.1,
the test report shall be accepted as accurate.
6. Should the acceptance tests show that the works do not comply with the
contract, the Supplier shall remedy the defects forthwith. New tests shall be
carried out in accordance with Clauses IX.1-5 should this be requested in
writing without undue delay by the Purchaser. This shall not apply in the case of
immaterial defects.
X. ACCEPTANCE
1. The works shall be deemed to be accepted
a) if the acceptance tests have been completed successfully or are deemed to
have been successful pursuant to Clause IX.3; or
b) if the Purchaser has been notified in writing by the Supplier that the works
have been completed, provided that the works comply with contractual
acceptance conditions and only in those cases in which the parties have agreed
not to perform acceptance tests.
Acceptance shall not be prevented by minor defects which do not affect the
efficiency of the works.
2. The Purchaser shall not be entitled to use the works or any part thereof
prior to acceptance. Should the Purchaser do so without the Supplier's consent
in writing, the Purchaser shall be deemed to have accepted the works. In such
cases the Supplier shall be relieved of its duty to perform acceptance tests.
3. The period referred to in Clause XVII shall start to run as soon as the works
have been accepted pursuant to Clauses X.1 or 2. Upon a request made by
the Supplier in writing, the Purchaser shall issue a certificate stipulating the
point in time at which the works have been accepted. Should the Purchaser
nonetheless fail to issue such a certificate, this shall not affect acceptance
pursuant to Clauses X.1 and 2.
XI. COMPLETION, SUPPLIER'S DELAY
1. The works shall be regarded as completed upon their acceptance pursuant to
Clause X.1 or 2.
2. Clause VIII. 4 shall apply to extensions of the time for completion accordingly.
The time for completion shall also be extended accordingly should delivery be
delayed pursuant to Clauses VIII. 1, 2,4 7.
3. The Supplier shall be deemed to be in delay should the works not be
completed pursuant to Clause XI.1 on the completion date stipulated by contract
or according to Clause X1.2. Delay on the part of the Supplier shall entitle
the Purchaser to liquidated damages from the date on which the works should
have been completed.
The liquidated damages shall be payable at a rate of 0.5 per cent of the contract
price for each completed week of delay. The liquidated damages shall not exceed
5 per cent of the contract price.
Should only part of the works be delayed, the liquidated damages shall be
calculated on that part of the contract price which is attributable to such part of
the works as cannot in consequence of the delay be used as intended by the
parties.
The liquidated damages become due upon request made by the Purchaser
in writing, not however prior to completion of acceptance or termination of the
contract pursuant to Clause XI.4.
4. Should the Supplier's delay be so lengthy that the Purchaser is entitled to
the maximum liquidated damages under Clause XI.3 and should the works
still not be completed, the Purchaser shall be entitled to make a demand in
writing for completion within a final reasonable period which shall not be less
than four weeks.
Should the Supplier not complete the works within such final period and should
this not be due to circumstances for which the Purchaser is responsible, the
Purchaser shall be entitled to serve notice in writing to the Supplier to terminate
the contract in respect of such part of the works which, due to the Supplier's
delay, cannot be used as intended by the parties.
Should the Purchaser terminate the contract, the Purchaser shall be entitled to
compensation for losses suffered as a result of the Supplier's delay.
Total compensation, including liquidated damages as payable under Clause
XI.3, shall not exceed 10 per cent of that part of the contract price which is
attributable to the part of the works in respect of which the contract is terminated.
5. The remedies available to the Purchaser in the event of delay on the part
of the Supplier shall be limited to liquidated damages under Clause XI.3 and
termination of the contract with limited compensation under Clause XI.4.
All other claims against the Supplier based on such delay shall be excluded,
except where the Supplier has been guilty of gross negligence, wilful intent or
culpable breach of contract.
XII. PRICE AND PAYMENT
1. Unless agreed otherwise, prices shall be ex works, including loading and
packaging in the works, but excluding unloading. Value-added tax at the applicable
statutory rate shall be added to the prices.
2. Unless otherwise agreed, payment shall be made to the account of the
Supplier - 30 per cent as advance payment following receipt of the confirmation
of order, 30 per cent as soon as the notification is provided to the Purchaser
that the main parts are ready for dispatch, 30 per cent upon delivery of the
delivery item or the major part of the delivery item to the site and the remaining
part of the contract price upon acceptance.
3. The Purchaser shall only be entitled to retain payments or to offset payments
with counterclaims to the extent that such counterclaims are undisputed or have
been legally determined.
4. Should baselines dates for payments be culpably exceeded, the Supplier shall
beentitled to charge interest on arrears without first issuing a reminder; more
extensivedamages for delay may also be claimed.
5. In the event of late payment the Supplier shall be entitled - after notifying the
Purchaser in writing – to suspend performance of the contract pending
receipt of payment.
XIII. RETENTION OF TITLE
1. Title to all delivered goods shall only pass to the Purchaser following settlement
ofall claims by the Purchaser – including future claims - arising from the
business relationship.
2. The Supplier shall be entitled to insure the delivery item, at the cost of the
Purchaser,against theft, breakage, fire, water damage and other damages unless
the Purchaserhas demonstrably taken out insurance cover itself and has assigned
its claims arisingfrom said insurance cover to the Supplier in advance.
3. The Purchaser may not pledge the delivery item or assign same by way of
security.The Purchaser shall notify the Supplier forthwith in the event of
attachments andseizure or other third-party dispositions. Unless given the explicit
consent of the Supplier, the Purchaser shall not – prior to receipt of all payments
pursuant to Clause XIII.1 - impair the Supplier's retention of title in any way and
shall not, in particular, resell, process, mix or join in any other way the delivery
item with other objects.
Should the delivery item nonetheless be treated or processed by the Purchaser,
the provisions regarding the retained goods shall likewise apply to the new object
resulting from such treatment or processing. Should the goods be processed,
blended or joined with other objects, the Supplier shall acquire co-retained title to
the new object created as a result in the ratio of the value of the delivery item to
the other processed or joined items at the time of such processing or joining.
In undertaking any processing work the Purchaser shall be active on behalf of
the Supplier without acquiring any claims against the Supplier as a result of
such processing.
4. Should the Purchaser act in breach of contract, particularly in the event of
default in payment, the Supplier shall be entitled to retake possession after
issuing a warning and the Purchaser shall be obliged to surrender.
The assertion of the retention to title and the attachment of the delivery item
by the Supplier shall not constitute withdrawal from the contract.
5. The institution of insolvency proceedings shall entitle the Supplier to terminate
the contract and to demand immediate surrender of the delivery item.
XIV. WARRANTY CLAIMS
The Supplier provides the following warrants for material defects and defects in
title, excluding further claims – subject to Section XV. – as follows.
Material defects
1. Claims for defects of the Purchaser shall exist only if the Purchaser has
complied with its inspection and notification duties pursuant to Sec. 377 of the
German Commercial Code(Handelsgesetzbuch –HGB) in due time.
Non-recognisable defects shall be notified within 1 week of their discovery,
but at the latest within 3 months of delivery or termination
of any other services. The Purchaser shall perform a functional test within this
period. Defects which should have been detected during an acceptance inspection
shall notbe notified subsequent to agreed acceptance.
2. All such parts are to be replaced or repaired free of charge at the discretion
of the Supplier that are shown to have been defective prior to the transfer
of risk. The discovery of such defects shall be notified to the Supplier in
writing forthwith. Replaced parts shall become the property of the Supplier.
Such parts shall be transferred to the Supplier on request forthwith.
3. Should the Supplier have requested that the defective part or the delivery
item be returned to it, and should the Purchaser fail to comply with this
duty, the defect shall be deemed as unproven. In such cases the Purchaser shall
reimburse all the costs incurred by the contractor relating to the exchange of
the part notified as defective (e.g. costs of spare parts and delivery costs).
4. Following agreement with the Supplier, the Purchaser shall make the necessary
time and opportunity for carrying out all the reworking and replacement
deliveries deemed necessary by the Supplier; should the Purchaser fail to
provide such time and opportunity, the Supplier shall be released from liability
for the consequences of the same. Only in urgent cases, and following
immediate notification of the Supplier, in which operational safety may be
jeopardized or in order to ward off disproportionately greater damages shall the
Purchaser be entitled to rectify the defect itself or to arrange for such defects to
be rectified by third parties and to demand reimbursement of the necessary
expenditure from the Supplier.
5. Should the complaint prove to be legitimate, the Supplier shall bear
those of the direct costs arising from reworking or replacement deliveries
incurred for the replacement item including dispatch of the same. The Supplier
shall also bear the dismantling and re-assembly costs as well as the costs
for the provision of any fitters and auxiliary personnel who may be required,
including travel expenses provided that this does not entail imposing an
unreasonable burden on the Supplier.
Should the works not be at the site, the Purchaser shall bear any resulting
additional costs incurred by the contractor when remedying defects.
6. In the framework of statutory provisions, the Purchaser shall be entitled
to terminate the contract should the Supplier – taking account of statutory
exemptions – allow a reasonable period of grace for reworking or
replacement delivery on account of material defects to expire abortively.
In the case of insubstantial defects the Purchaser's right shall be limited to the
right to demand a reduction in the contract price. The right to demand a
reduction in the contract price is excluded in all other cases.
Further claims are governed by Clause XV.2 of these General Conditions.
7. No warranty shall be assumed in the following cases in particular:
Unsuitable or improper use, faulty installation or commissioning by the Purchaser
or third parties, natural wear and tear, faulty or negligent treatment, improper
maintenance, unsuitable operating equipment, faulty construction work,
unsuitable foundations, chemical, electrochemical or electrical influences –
except where these are the responsibility of the Supplier.
8. Should the Purchaser or a third party perform improper reworking, the
Supplier shall accept no liability for the consequences of the same.
The same shall apply should alterations be made to the delivery item without
the prior approval of the Supplier.
Defects in title
9. Should use of the delivery item result in the infringement of domestic
intellectual property rights or copyrights, the Supplier shall – as a matter of
principle and at its own cost – procure the right of the Purchaser to make
further use of the delivery item or shall modify the delivery item in a manner
acceptable to the Purchaser such that it no longer infringes the intellectual
property rights.
Should this not be possible on reasonable business terms or within a
reasonable period, the Purchaser shall be entitled to terminate the contract.
Subject to the specified preconditions the Supplier shall also be entitled to
terminate the contract.
The Supplier shall also hold the Purchaser harmless against undisputed or
legally effective claims asserted by the owners of the relevant intellectual
property rights.
10. Subject to Section XV.2, the duties of the Supplier referred to in
Clause XIV.8 shall be exhaustive with regard to the infringement of intellectual
property rights or copyrights.
These shall only exist if
- the Purchaser notifies the Supplier forthwith of any claims regarding
infringements of intellectual property rights or copyrights,
- the Purchaser provides the Supplier with appropriate support warding off
such claims or enables the Supplier to perform the modification measures
referred to in Clause XIV.8,
- all measures to ward off such claims, including out-of-court settlements,
remain the preserve of the Supplier,
- the legal defect is not the result of instructions issued by the Purchaser, and
- the infringement has not been caused by the fact that the Purchaser has
modified the delivery item independently or in a manner which does not comply
with contractual provisions.
XV. LIABILITY
1. Should it not be possible for the Purchaser to use the delivery item as
foreseen by contract through the fault of the Supplier as a result of omitted or
faulty implementation of suggestions and consultations made before or after
conclusion of the contract or as a result of the infringement of other
subsidiary contractual duties, in particular instructions regarding the
operation and maintenance of the delivery item, the provisions of Clauses XIV.
and XV.2 shall apply accordingly, ruling out further claims by the Purchaser.
2. The Supplier shall only be liable for damages not incurred on the delivery
item itself – regardless of the legal standing of the same – in the event of:
- wilful intent
- gross negligence of the proprietor / corporate bodies or executive employee,
- non-accidental injury to life, limb or health,
- in the event of the fraudulent concealment of defects or where the absence of
such defects has been warranted,
- in the event of defects in the delivery item where liability is borne under
the German Product Liability Act (Produkthaftungsgesetz) for personal injury
and damage to privately used property,
In the event of a culpable breach of contract, the Supplier shall also be liable
for gross negligence on the part of non-executive employees and for slight
negligence – in the latter case limited to reasonably foreseeable damages which
are intrinsic to the contract.
Further claims are excluded.
XVI. FORCE MAJEURE
1. Either party shall be entitled to suspend performance of its obligations under
the contract to the extent that such performance is impeded or made
unreasonably onerous by any of the following circumstances: industrial
disputes and any other circumstance beyond the control of the parties
such as fire, war, extensive military mobilization, insurrection, requisition,
seizure, embargo, restrictions in the use of power and defects or delays in
deliveries by subcontractors caused by any such circumstance as referred to in
this Clause.
Should any of the circumstances referred to in this Clause occur prior or
subsequent to formation of the contract, such circumstances shall only entitle
the parties to suspend performance if the effect of such circumstances on
performance of the contract could not be foreseen at the time of the formation
of the contract.
2. The party claiming to be affected by Force Majeure shall notify the other
party in writing without delay on the intervention and on the cessation of such
circumstance.
Should Force Majeure prevent the Purchaser from fulfilling its obligations,
the Purchaser shall compensate the Supplier for expenses incurred in securing
and protecting the works.
3. Regardless of anything which may otherwise follow from these General
Conditions, either party shall be entitled to terminate the contract by
notice in writing to the other party if performance of the contract is suspended
under Clause XVI.1 for longer than six months.
XVII. LIMITATION PERIOD
All claims of the Purchaser – regardless of their legal standing – are subject
to a limitation period of 12 months. Compensation claims under Clause XV.2
shall be subject to the statutory periods.
XVIII. APPLICABLE LAW, LEGAL VENUE
1. All legal relations between the Supplier and the Purchaser shall be subject
to the law of the Federal Republic of Germany to the exclusion of the United
Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sales of Goods (CISG).
2. The exclusive legal venue shall be the court with jurisdiction for the head
office of the Supplier. The Supplier shall, however, be entitled to bring an action
at the Purchaser's head office.
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